We are going to discuss in detail about file permission and access modes in Unix. File ownership is an important component of Unix that provides a secure method for storing files. Every file in Unix has the following attributes − Owner permissions − The owner's permissions determine what actions the owner of the file can perform on the file. Group permissions − The group's permissions determine what actions a user, who is a member of the group that a file belongs to, can perform on the file. Other (world) permissions − The permissions for others indicate what action all other users can perform on the file. The Permission Indicators While using ls -l command, it displays various information related to file permission as follows − himel@himelrana.com:~$ ls -l /home/himel total 40 drwxr-xr-x 4 himel himel 4096 Feb 10 23:26 Desktop drwxr-xr-x 2 himel himel 4096 Jan 29 23:43 Documents drwxr-xr-x 2 himel himel 4096 Jun 14 2020 Downloads -rw-r--r-- 1 himel himel 0 Feb 4
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